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river gunboat
A river gunboat is a type of gunboat adapted for river operations. River gunboats required shallow draft for river navigation. They would be armed with relatively small caliber cannons, or a mix of cannons and machine guns. If they carried more than one cannon, one might be a howitzer, for shore bombardment. They were usually not armoured. The USS ''San Pablo'' described in Richard McKenna's ''The Sand Pebbles'' is an example of this class of vessel, serving on the US Navy's Yangtze Patrol. Stronger river warships were river monitors.
== Chinese river gunboats ==
Various European powers, the USA, and Japan, maintained flotillas of these shallow draft gunboats patrolling Chinese rivers. These gunboats were enforcing those nations' treaty rights under the treaties that China had started to sign following her defeat during the first Opium War with Britain. The advantages of steam power and shallow drafts meant that the new European vessels initially vastly outclassed anything available to the Chinese.
Foreign powers had coerced concessions from China, like extraterritoriality for their citizens in China, and the gunboats policed these rights.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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